Alpha amylase catalytic domain found in Glycosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (also called Maltooligosyl trehalose Trehalohydrolase). Glycosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (GTHase) was discovered as part of a coupled system for the production of trehalose from soluble starch. In the first half of the reaction, glycosyltrehalose synthase (GTSase), an intramolecular glycosyl transferase, converts the glycosidic bond between the last two glucose residues of amylose from an alpha-1,4 bond to an alpha-1,1 bond, making a non-reducing glycosyl trehaloside. In the second half of the reaction, GTHase cleaves the alpha-1,4 glycosidic bond adjacent to the trehalose moiety to release trehalose and malto-oligosaccharide. Like isoamylase and other glycosidases that recognize branched oligosaccharides, GTHase contains an N-terminal extension and does not have the conserved calcium ion present in other alpha amylase family enzymes. The Alpha-amylase family comprises the largest family of glycoside hydrolases (GH), with the majority of enzymes acting on starch, glycogen, and related oligo- and polysaccharides. These proteins catalyze the transformation of alpha-1,4 and alpha-1,6 glucosidic linkages with retention of the anomeric center. The protein is described as having 3 domains: A, B, C. A is a (beta/alpha) 8-barrel; B is a loop between the beta 3 strand and alpha 3 helix of A; C is the C-terminal extension characterized by a Greek key. The majority of the enzymes have an active site cleft found between domains A and B where a triad of catalytic residues (Asp, Glu and Asp) performs catalysis. Other members of this family have lost the catalytic activity as in the case of the human 4F2hc, or only have 2 residues that serve as the catalytic nucleophile and the acid/base, such as Thermus A4 beta-galactosidase with 2 Glu residues (GH42) and human alpha-galactosidase with 2 Asp residues (GH31). The family members are quite extensive and include: alpha amylase, maltosyltransferase, cyclodextrin glycotransferase, maltogenic amylase, neopullulanase, isoamylase, 1,4-alpha-D-glucan maltotetrahydrolase, 4-alpha-glucotransferase, oligo-1,6-glucosidase, amylosucrase, sucrose phosphorylase, and amylomaltase. Glycosyltrehalose Trehalohydrolase Maltooligosyltrehalose Trehalohydrolase

malto-oligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase. Members of this family are the trehalose biosynthetic enzyme malto-oligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase, formally known as 4-alpha-D-{(1->4)-alpha-D-glucano}trehalose trehalohydrolase (EC 3.2.1.141). It is the TreZ protein of the TreYZ pathway for trehalose biosynthesis, and alternative to the OtsAB system. [Energy metabolism, Biosynthesis and degradation of polysaccharides]

1,4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme [Carbohydrate transport and metabolism].

Alpha amylase catalytic domain found in an uncharacterized protein family. The Alpha-amylase family comprises the largest family of glycoside hydrolases (GH), with the majority of enzymes acting on starch, glycogen, and related oligo- and polysaccharides. These proteins catalyze the transformation of alpha-1,4 and alpha-1,6 glucosidic linkages with retention of the anomeric center. The protein is described as having 3 domains: A, B, C. A is a (beta/alpha) 8-barrel; B is a loop between the beta 3 strand and alpha 3 helix of A; C is the C-terminal extension characterized by a Greek key. The majority of the enzymes have an active site cleft found between domains A and B where a triad of catalytic residues (Asp, Glu and Asp) performs catalysis. Other members of this family have lost the catalytic activity as in the case of the human 4F2hc, or only have 2 residues that serve as the catalytic nucleophile and the acid/base, such as Thermus A4 beta-galactosidase with 2 Glu residues (GH42) and human alpha-galactosidase with 2 Asp (GH31). The family members are quite extensive and include: alpha amylase, maltosyltransferase, cyclodextrin glycotransferase, maltogenic amylase, neopullulanase, isoamylase, 1,4-alpha-D-glucan maltotetrahydrolase, 4-alpha-glucotransferase, oligo-1,6-glucosidase, amylosucrase, sucrose phosphorylase, and amylomaltase.

Alpha amylase catalytic domain found in the Glycogen branching enzyme (also called 1,4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme). The glycogen branching enzyme catalyzes the third step of glycogen biosynthesis by the cleavage of an alpha-(1,4)-glucosidic linkage and the formation a new alpha-(1,6)-branch by subsequent transfer of cleaved oligosaccharide. They are part of a group called branching enzymes which catalyze the formation of alpha-1,6 branch points in either glycogen or starch. This group includes proteins from bacteria, eukaryotes, and archaea. The Alpha-amylase family comprises the largest family of glycoside hydrolases (GH), with the majority of enzymes acting on starch, glycogen, and related oligo- and polysaccharides. These proteins catalyze the transformation of alpha-1,4 and alpha-1,6 glucosidic linkages with retention of the anomeric center. The protein is described as having 3 domains: A, B, C. A is a (beta/alpha) 8-barrel; B is a loop between the beta 3 strand and alpha 3 helix of A; C is the C-terminal extension characterized by a Greek key. The majority of the enzymes have an active site cleft found between domains A and B where a triad of catalytic residues (Asp, Glu and Asp) performs catalysis. Other members of this family have lost the catalytic activity as in the case of the human 4F2hc, or only have 2 residues that serve as the catalytic nucleophile and the acid/base, such as Thermus A4 beta-galactosidase with 2 Glu residues (GH42) and human alpha-galactosidase with 2 Asp residues (GH31). The family members are quite extensive and include: alpha amylase, maltosyltransferase, cyclodextrin glycotransferase, maltogenic amylase, neopullulanase, isoamylase, 1,4-alpha-D-glucan maltotetrahydrolase, 4-alpha-glucotransferase, oligo-1,6-glucosidase, amylosucrase, sucrose phosphorylase, and amylomaltase.

CRYSTALSTRUCTURE OF GLYCOSYLTREHALOSE TREHALOHYDROLASE FROM SULFOLOBUS SOLFATARICUS [Saccharolobus solfataricus]

CrystalStructure Of Sulfolobus Solfataricus Glycosyltrehalose Trehalohydrolase [Saccharolobus solfataricus],3VGB_A Crystal structure of glycosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (GTHase) from Sulfolobus solfataricus KM1 [Saccharolobus solfataricus]

Crystalstructure of glycosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (E283Q) complexed with maltoheptaose [Saccharolobus solfataricus],3VGH_A Crystal structure of glycosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (E283Q) complexed with maltotriosyltrehalose [Saccharolobus solfataricus]

Ctystalstructure of glycosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (D252E) [Saccharolobus solfataricus]

Crystalstructure of glycosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (D252S) [Saccharolobus solfataricus],3VGF_A Crystal structure of glycosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase (D252S) complexed with maltotriosyltrehalose [Saccharolobus solfataricus]

Malto-oligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase OS=Arthrobacter ramosus OX=1672 GN=treZ PE=3 SV=1

Malto-oligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase OS=Arthrobacter sp. (strain Q36) OX=104027 GN=treZ PE=3 SV=1

Malto-oligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase OS=Rhizobium sp. (strain M-11) OX=269089 GN=treZ PE=3 SV=1

Malto-oligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase OS=Mycobacterium tuberculosis (strain ATCC 25618 / H37Rv) OX=83332 GN=treZ PE=1 SV=1

Malto-oligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase OS=Mycobacterium tuberculosis (strain CDC 1551 / Oshkosh) OX=83331 GN=treZ PE=3 SV=1