uncharacterized protein, YkwD family. Members of this protein family represent a subset of those belonging to pfam00188 (SCP-like extracellular protein). Based on currently cuttoffs for this model, all member proteins are found in Bacteria capable of endospore formation. Members include a named but uncharacterized protein, YkwD of Bacillus subtilis. Only the C-terminal region is well-conserved and is included in the seed alignment for this model. Three members of this family have an N-terminal domain homologous to the spore coat assembly protein SafA.

Bacterial CAP (cysteine-rich secretory proteins, antigen 5, and pathogenesis-related 1 proteins) domain proteins. Little is known about bacterial and archaeal members of the CAP (cysteine-rich secretory proteins, antigen 5, and pathogenesis-related 1 proteins) domain family. The wider family of CAP domain containing proteins includes plant pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR-1), cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISPs), and allergen 5 from vespid venom, among others. Studies of eukaryotic proteins show that CAP domains have several functions, including the binding of cholesterol, lipids and heparan sulfate. This group includes Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein BB0689, which does not bind to cholesterol, lipids, or heparan sulfate, and whose function is unknown.

Uncharacterized conserved protein YkwD, contains CAP (CSP/antigen 5/PR1) domain [Function unknown].

spore coat assembly protein SafA. SafA (YrbB) (SafA) of Bacillus subtilis is a protein found at the interface of the spore cortex and spore coat, and is dependent on SpoVID for its localization. This model is based on the N-terminal LysM (lysin motif) domain (see pfamAM model pfam01476) of SafA and, from several other spore-forming species, the protein with the most similar N-terminal region. However, this set of proteins differs greatly in C-terminal of the LysM domaim; blocks of 12-residue and 13-residue repeats are found in the Bacillus cereus group, tandem LysM domains in Thermoanaerobacter tengcongensis MB4, etc. in which one of which is found in most examples of endospore-forming bacteria. [Cellular processes, Sporulation and germination]

Cysteine-rich secretory protein family. This is a large family of cysteine-rich secretory proteins, antigen 5, and pathogenesis-related 1 proteins (CAP) that are found in a wide range of organisms, including prokaryotes and non-vertebrate eukaryotes, The nine subfamilies of the mammalian CAP 'super'family include: the human glioma pathogenesis-related 1 (GLIPR1), Golgi associated pathogenesis related-1 (GAPR1) proteins, peptidase inhibitor 15 (PI15), peptidase inhibitor 16 (PI16), cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISPs), CRISP LCCL domain containing 1 (CRISPLD1), CRISP LCCL domain containing 2 (CRISPLD2), mannose receptor like and the R3H domain containing like proteins. Members are most often secreted and have an extracellular endocrine or paracrine function and are involved in processes including the regulation of extracellular matrix and branching morphogenesis, potentially as either proteases or protease inhibitors; in ion channel regulation in fertility; as tumor suppressor or pro-oncogenic genes in tissues including the prostate; and in cell-cell adhesion during fertilisation. The overall protein structural conservation within the CAP 'super'family results in fundamentally similar functions for the CAP domain in all members, yet the diversity outside of this core region dramatically alters the target specificity and, thus, the biological consequences. The Ca++-chelating function would fit with the various signalling processes (e.g. the CRISP proteins) that members of this family are involved in, and also the sequence and structural evidence of a conserved pocket containing two histidines and a glutamate. It also may explain how the cysteine-rich venom protein helothermine blocks the Ca++ transporting ryanodine receptors.

1.5Angstrom resolution crystal structure of an extracellular protein containing a SCP domain from Bacillus anthracis str. Ames [Bacillus anthracis str. Ames]

Uncharacterized protein YkwD OS=Bacillus subtilis (strain 168) OX=224308 GN=ykwD PE=3 SV=1

Chlorophenol reductase OS=Desulfitobacterium hafniense OX=49338 PE=1 SV=1

SpoIVD-associated factor A OS=Bacillus subtilis (strain 168) OX=224308 GN=safA PE=1 SV=1