endolysin and autolysin. The dsDNA phages of eubacteria use endolysins or muralytic enzymes in conjunction with hollin, a small membrane protein, to degrade the peptidoglycan found in bacterial cell walls. Similarly, bacteria produce autolysins to facilitate the biosynthesis of its cell wall heteropolymer peptidoglycan and cell division. Endolysins and autolysins are found in viruses and bacteria, respectively. Both endolysin and autolysin enzymes cleave the glycosidic beta 1,4-bonds between the N-acetylmuramic acid and the N-acetylglucosamine of the peptidoglycan.

Phage-related lysozyme (muramidase), GH24 family [Cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis].

P1 lysozyme Lyz-like proteins. Enterobacteria phage P1 lysozyme Lyz is secreted to the Escherichia coli periplasm where it is membrane bound and inactive. Activation involves the release from the membrane, an intramolecular thiol-disulfide isomerization and extensive structural rearrangement of the N-terminal region. The dsDNA phages of eubacteria use endolysins or muralytic enzymes in conjunction with hollin, a small membrane protein, to degrade the peptidoglycan found in bacterial cell walls. Similarly, bacteria produce autolysins to facilitate the biosynthesis of its cell wall heteropolymer peptidoglycan and cell division. Endolysins and autolysins are found in viruses and bacteria, respectively. Both endolysin and autolysin enzymes cleave the glycosidic beta 1,4-bonds between the N-acetylmuramic acid and the N-acetylglucosamine of the peptidoglycan.

bacteriophage T4-like lysozymes. Bacteriophage T4-like lysozymes hydrolyze the beta-1,4-glycosidic bond between N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc) and N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) in peptidoglycan heteropolymers of prokaryotic cell walls. Members include a variety of bacteriophages (T4, RB49, RB69, Aeh1), as well as Dictyostelium.

endolysin R21-like proteins. Unlike T4 E phage lysozyme, the endolysin R21 from Enterobacteria phage P21 has an N-terminal SAR (signal-arrest-release) domain that anchors the endolysin to the membrane in an inactive form, which act to prevent premature lysis of the infected bacterium. The dsDNA phages of eubacteria use endolysins or muralytic enzymes in conjunction with hollin, a small membrane protein, to degrade the peptidoglycan found in bacterial cell walls. Similarly, bacteria produce autolysins to facilitate the biosynthesis of its cell wall heteropolymer peptidoglycan and cell division. Endolysins and autolysins are found in viruses and bacteria, respectively. Both endolysin and autolysin enzymes cleave the glycosidic beta 1,4-bonds between the N-acetylmuramic acid and the N-acetylglucosamine of the peptidoglycan.

Crystalstructure of putative phage endolysin from S. enterica [Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2],4EVX_B Crystal structure of putative phage endolysin from S. enterica [Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2]

ChainA, Lysozyme [Asticcacaulis excentricus],6H9D_B Chain B, Lysozyme [Asticcacaulis excentricus],6H9D_C Chain C, Lysozyme [Asticcacaulis excentricus]

ChainA, Endolysin [Escherichia coli O157 typing phage 15],7M5I_B Chain B, Endolysin [Escherichia coli O157 typing phage 15]