acetate-CoA ligase. This family includes acyl- and aryl-CoA ligases, as well as the adenylation domain of nonribosomal peptide synthetases and firefly luciferases. The adenylate-forming enzymes catalyze an ATP-dependent two-step reaction to first activate a carboxylate substrate as an adenylate and then transfer the carboxylate to the pantetheine group of either coenzyme A or an acyl-carrier protein. The active site of the domain is located at the interface of a large N-terminal subdomain and a smaller C-terminal subdomain.

Uncharacterized acyl-CoA synthetase subfamily similar to Acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase. This uncharacterized acyl-CoA synthetase family (EC 6.2.1.16, or acetoacetate#CoA ligase or acetoacetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)) is highly homologous to acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase. However, the proteins in this family exist in only bacteria and archaea. AACS is a cytosolic ligase that specifically activates acetoacetate to its coenzyme A ester by a two-step reaction. Acetoacetate first reacts with ATP to form an acyl-adenylate intermediate, which then reacts with CoA to produce an acyl-CoA ester. This is the first step of the mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis via isopentenyl diphosphate. Isoprenoids are a large class of compounds found in all living organisms.

acetyl-CoA synthetase; Provisional

acetate-CoA ligase

Propionyl-CoA synthetase (PrpE). EC 6.2.1.17: propanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming) or propionate#CoA ligase (PrpE) catalyzes the first step of the 2-methylcitric acid cycle for propionate catabolism. It activates propionate to propionyl-CoA in a two-step reaction, which proceeds through a propionyl-AMP intermediate and requires ATP and Mg2+. In Salmonella enterica, the PrpE protein is required for growth of Salmonella enterica on propionate and can substitute for the acetyl-CoA synthetase (Acs) enzyme during growth on acetate. PrpE can also activate acetate, 3HP, and butyrate to their corresponding CoA-thioesters, although with less efficiency.

ChainA, Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase [Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium],2P2F_B Chain B, Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase [Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium]

Crystalstructure of Salmonella enterica acetyl-CoA synthetase (Acs) in complex with cAMP and Coenzyme A [Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2],5JRH_B Crystal structure of Salmonella enterica acetyl-CoA synthetase (Acs) in complex with cAMP and Coenzyme A [Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2]

ChainA, Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase [Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium],2P2M_B Chain B, Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase [Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium]

ChainA, Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase [Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium],2P2B_B Chain B, Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase [Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium]

ChainA, Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase [Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium],2P2Q_B Chain B, Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase [Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium]

Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase OS=Psychrobacter arcticus (strain DSM 17307 / VKM B-2377 / 273-4) OX=259536 GN=acsA PE=3 SV=1

Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase OS=Vibrio vulnificus (strain YJ016) OX=196600 GN=acsA PE=3 SV=2

Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase OS=Photobacterium profundum (strain SS9) OX=298386 GN=acsA PE=3 SV=1

Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase OS=Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype I (strain IP32953) OX=273123 GN=acs PE=3 SV=1

Acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase OS=Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (strain ATCC BAA-871 / DC3000) OX=223283 GN=acsA PE=3 SV=1