cytoplasmic alpha-amylase; Reviewed

Alpha amylase catalytic domain found in bacterial and fungal Alpha amylases (also called 1,4-alpha-D-glucan-4-glucanohydrolase). AmyA (EC 3.2.1.1) catalyzes the hydrolysis of alpha-(1,4) glycosidic linkages of glycogen, starch, related polysaccharides, and some oligosaccharides. This group includes bacterial and fungal proteins. The Alpha-amylase family comprises the largest family of glycoside hydrolases (GH), with the majority of enzymes acting on starch, glycogen, and related oligo- and polysaccharides. These proteins catalyze the transformation of alpha-1,4 and alpha-1,6 glucosidic linkages with retention of the anomeric center. The protein is described as having 3 domains: A, B, C. A is a (beta/alpha) 8-barrel; B is a loop between the beta 3 strand and alpha 3 helix of A; C is the C-terminal extension characterized by a Greek key. The majority of the enzymes have an active site cleft found between domains A and B where a triad of catalytic residues (Asp, Glu and Asp) performs catalysis. Other members of this family have lost the catalytic activity as in the case of the human 4F2hc, or only have 2 residues that serve as the catalytic nucleophile and the acid/base, such as Thermus A4 beta-galactosidase with 2 Glu residues (GH42) and human alpha-galactosidase with 2 Asp residues (GH31). The family members are quite extensive and include: alpha amylase, maltosyltransferase, cyclodextrin glycotransferase, maltogenic amylase, neopullulanase, isoamylase, 1,4-alpha-D-glucan maltotetrahydrolase, 4-alpha-glucotransferase, oligo-1,6-glucosidase, amylosucrase, sucrose phosphorylase, and amylomaltase.

Alpha amylase catalytic domain found in archaeal, bacterial, and plant Alpha-amylases (also called 1,4-alpha-D-glucan-4-glucanohydrolase). AmyA (EC 3.2.1.1) catalyzes the hydrolysis of alpha-(1,4) glycosidic linkages of glycogen, starch, related polysaccharides, and some oligosaccharides. This group includes AmyA from bacteria, archaea, water fleas, and plants. The Alpha-amylase family comprises the largest family of glycoside hydrolases (GH), with the majority of enzymes acting on starch, glycogen, and related oligo- and polysaccharides. These proteins catalyze the transformation of alpha-1,4 and alpha-1,6 glucosidic linkages with retention of the anomeric center. The protein is described as having 3 domains: A, B, C. A is a (beta/alpha) 8-barrel; B is a loop between the beta 3 strand and alpha 3 helix of A; C is the C-terminal extension characterized by a Greek key. The majority of the enzymes have an active site cleft found between domains A and B where a triad of catalytic residues (Asp, Glu and Asp) performs catalysis. Other members of this family have lost the catalytic activity as in the case of the human 4F2hc, or only have 2 residues that serve as the catalytic nucleophile and the acid/base, such as Thermus A4 beta-galactosidase with 2 Glu residues (GH42) and human alpha-galactosidase with 2 Asp residues (GH31). The family members are quite extensive and include: alpha amylase, maltosyltransferase, cyclodextrin glycotransferase, maltogenic amylase, neopullulanase, isoamylase, 1,4-alpha-D-glucan maltotetrahydrolase, 4-alpha-glucotransferase, oligo-1,6-glucosidase, amylosucrase, sucrose phosphorylase, and amylomaltase.

Glycosidase [Carbohydrate transport and metabolism].

Alpha amylase, catalytic domain. Alpha amylase is classified as family 13 of the glycosyl hydrolases. The structure is an 8 stranded alpha/beta barrel containing the active site, interrupted by a ~70 a.a. calcium-binding domain protruding between beta strand 3 and alpha helix 3, and a carboxyl-terminal Greek key beta-barrel domain.

ChainA, Alpha Amylase [Sutcliffiella halmapala]

ChainA, alpha-amylase [Sutcliffiella halmapala],2GJR_A Chain A, alpha-amylase [Sutcliffiella halmapala]

Three-dimensionalstructure of a variant `Termamyl-like' Geobacillus stearothermophilus alpha-amylase at 1.9 A resolution [Geobacillus stearothermophilus]

Kineticstabilization of Bacillus licheniformis alpha-amylase through introduction of hydrophobic residues at the surface [Bacillus licheniformis]

BACILLUSSTEAROTHERMOPHILUS ALPHA-AMYLASE [Geobacillus stearothermophilus]

Cytoplasmic alpha-amylase OS=Escherichia coli (strain K12) OX=83333 GN=amyA PE=1 SV=3

Cytoplasmic alpha-amylase OS=Salmonella typhimurium (strain LT2 / SGSC1412 / ATCC 700720) OX=99287 GN=amyA PE=3 SV=3

Alpha-amylase OS=Geobacillus stearothermophilus OX=1422 GN=amyS PE=1 SV=3

Glucan 1,4-alpha-maltohexaosidase OS=Bacillus sp. (strain 707) OX=1416 PE=1 SV=1

Alpha-amylase OS=Bacillus licheniformis OX=1402 GN=amyS PE=1 SV=1