Glycosyl hydrolase family 32 family protein. The GH32 family contains glycosyl hydrolase family GH32 proteins that cleave sucrose into fructose and glucose via beta-fructofuranosidase activity, producing invert sugar that is a mixture of dextrorotatory D-glucose and levorotatory D-fructose, thus named invertase (EC 3.2.1.26). This family also contains other fructofuranosidases such as inulinase (EC 3.2.1.7), exo-inulinase (EC 3.2.1.80), levanase (EC 3.2.1.65), and transfructosidases such sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.99), fructan:fructan 1-fructosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.100), sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.10), fructan:fructan 6G-fructosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.243) and levan fructosyltransferases (EC 2.4.1.-). These retaining enzymes (i.e. they retain the configuration at anomeric carbon atom of the substrate) catalyze hydrolysis in two steps involving a covalent glycosyl enzyme intermediate: an aspartate located close to the N-terminus acts as the catalytic nucleophile and a glutamate acts as the general acid/base; a conserved aspartate residue in the Arg-Asp-Pro (RDP) motif stabilizes the transition state. These enzymes are predicted to display a 5-fold beta-propeller fold as found for GH43 and CH68. The breakdown of sucrose is widely used as a carbon or energy source by bacteria, fungi, and plants. Invertase is used commercially in the confectionery industry, since fructose has a sweeter taste than sucrose and a lower tendency to crystallize. A common structural feature of all these enzymes is a 5-bladed beta-propeller domain, similar to GH43, that contains the catalytic acid and catalytic base. A long V-shaped groove, partially enclosed at one end, forms a single extended substrate-binding surface across the face of the propeller.

Glycosyl hydrolase family 43 protein such as Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168 endo-alpha-1,5-L-arabinanase Arb43A. This glycosyl hydrolase family 43 (GH43) subgroup belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase clan F (according to carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZY)) which includes family 43 (GH43) and 62 (GH62) families. GH43 are inverting enzymes (i.e. they invert the stereochemistry of the anomeric carbon atom of the substrate) that have an aspartate as the catalytic general base, a glutamate as the catalytic general acid and another aspartate that is responsible for pKa modulation and orienting the catalytic acid. The GH43 ABN enzymes hydrolyze alpha-1,5-L-arabinofuranoside linkages while the ABF enzymes cleave arabinose side chains so that the combined actions of these two enzymes reduce arabinan to L-arabinose and/or arabinooligosaccharides. Many of these enzymes such as the Bacillus subtilis arabinanase Abn2, that hydrolyzes sugar beet arabinan (branched), linear alpha-1,5-L-arabinan and pectin, are different from other arabinases; they are organized into two different domains with a divalent metal cluster close to the catalytic residues to guarantee the correct protonation state of the catalytic residues and consequently the enzyme activity. These arabinan-degrading enzymes are important in the food industry for efficient production of L-arabinose from agricultural waste; L-arabinose is often used as a bioactive sweetener. A common structural feature of GH43 enzymes is a 5-bladed beta-propeller domain that contains the catalytic acid and catalytic base. A long V-shaped groove, partially enclosed at one end, forms a single extended substrate-binding surface across the face of the propeller.

Glycosyl hydrolase family 43 protein such as Halothermothrix orenii H 168 alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase (HoAraf43;Hore_20580). This glycosyl hydrolase family 43 (GH43) subgroup includes Halothermothrix orenii H 168 alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase (EC 3.2.1.55) (HoAraf43;Hore_20580). It belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase clan F (according to carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZY)) which includes family 43 (GH43) and 62 (GH62) families. This GH43_ HoAraf43-like subgroup includes enzymes that have been annotated as having xylan-digesting beta-xylosidase (EC 3.2.1.37) and xylanase (endo-alpha-L-arabinanase, EC 3.2.1.8) activities. GH43 are inverting enzymes (i.e. they invert the stereochemistry of the anomeric carbon atom of the substrate) that have an aspartate as the catalytic general base, a glutamate as the catalytic general acid and another aspartate that is responsible for pKa modulation and orienting the catalytic acid. Many GH43 enzymes display both alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase and beta-D-xylosidase activity using aryl-glycosides as substrates. A common structural feature of GH43 enzymes is a 5-bladed beta-propeller domain that contains the catalytic acid and catalytic base. A long V-shaped groove, partially enclosed at one end, forms a single extended substrate-binding surface across the face of the propeller.

Glycosyl hydrolase families: GH43, GH62, GH32, GH68, GH117, CH130. Members of the glycosyl hydrolase families 32, 43, 62, 68, 117 and 130 (GH32, GH43, GH62, GH68, GH117, GH130) all possess 5-bladed beta-propeller domains and comprise clans F and J, as classified by the carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZY). Clan F consists of families GH43 and GH62. GH43 includes beta-xylosidases (EC 3.2.1.37), beta-xylanases (EC 3.2.1.8), alpha-L-arabinases (EC 3.2.1.99), and alpha-L-arabinofuranosidases (EC 3.2.1.55), using aryl-glycosides as substrates, while family GH62 contains alpha-L-arabinofuranosidases (EC 3.2.1.55) that specifically cleave either alpha-1,2 or alpha-1,3-L-arabinofuranose sidechains from xylans. These are inverting enzymes (i.e. they invert the stereochemistry of the anomeric carbon atom of the substrate) that have an aspartate as the catalytic general base, a glutamate as the catalytic general acid and another aspartate that is responsible for pKa modulation and orienting the catalytic acid. Clan J consists of families GH32 and GH68. GH32 comprises sucrose-6-phosphate hydrolases, invertases (EC 3.2.1.26), inulinases (EC 3.2.1.7), levanases (EC 3.2.1.65), eukaryotic fructosyltransferases, and bacterial fructanotransferases while GH68 consists of frucosyltransferases (FTFs) that include levansucrase (EC 2.4.1.10); beta-fructofuranosidase (EC 3.2.1.26); inulosucrase (EC 2.4.1.9), while GH68 consists of frucosyltransferases (FTFs) that include levansucrase (EC 2.4.1.10); beta-fructofuranosidase (EC 3.2.1.26); inulosucrase (EC 2.4.1.9), all of which use sucrose as their preferential donor substrate. Members of this clan are retaining enzymes (i.e. they retain the configuration at anomeric carbon atom of the substrate) that catalyze hydrolysis in two steps involving a covalent glycosyl enzyme intermediate: an aspartate located close to the N-terminus acts as the catalytic nucleophile and a glutamate acts as the general acid/base; a conserved aspartate residue in the Arg-Asp-Pro (RDP) motif stabilizes the transition state. Structures of all families in the two clans manifest a funnel-shaped active site that comprises two subsites with a single route for access by ligands. Also included in this superfamily are GH117 enzymes that have exo-alpha-1,3-(3,6-anhydro)-l-galactosidase activity, removing terminal non-reducing alpha-1,3-linked 3,6-anhydro-l-galactose residues from their neoagarose substrate, and GH130 that are phosphorylases and hydrolases for beta-mannosides, involved in the bacterial utilization of mannans or N-linked glycans.

Glycosyl hydrolase families 32 and 68, which form the clan GH-J. This glycosyl hydrolase family clan J (according to carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZY)) includes family 32 (GH32) and 68 (GH68). GH32 enzymes include invertase (EC 3.2.1.26) and other other fructofuranosidases such as inulinase (EC 3.2.1.7), exo-inulinase (EC 3.2.1.80), levanase (EC 3.2.1.65), and transfructosidases such sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.99), fructan:fructan 1-fructosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.100), sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.10), fructan:fructan 6G-fructosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.243) and levan fructosyltransferases (EC 2.4.1.-). The GH68 family consists of frucosyltransferases (FTFs) that include levansucrase (EC 2.4.1.10, also known as beta-D-fructofuranosyl transferase), beta-fructofuranosidase (EC 3.2.1.26) and inulosucrase (EC 2.4.1.9). GH32 and GH68 family enzymes are retaining enzymes (i.e. they retain the configuration at anomeric carbon atom of the substrate) and catalyze hydrolysis in two steps involving a covalent glycosyl enzyme intermediate: an aspartate located close to the N-terminus acts as the catalytic nucleophile and a glutamate acts as the general acid/base; a conserved aspartate residue in the Arg-Asp-Pro (RDP) motif stabilizes the transition state. A common structural feature of all these enzymes is a 5-bladed beta-propeller domain, similar to GH43, that contains the catalytic acid and catalytic base. A long V-shaped groove, partially enclosed at one end, forms a single extended substrate-binding surface across the face of the propeller.

Uncharacterized protein MT1551 OS=Mycobacterium tuberculosis (strain CDC 1551 / Oshkosh) OX=83331 GN=MT1551 PE=4 SV=1

Uncharacterized protein Rv1502 OS=Mycobacterium tuberculosis (strain ATCC 25618 / H37Rv) OX=83332 GN=Rv1502 PE=1 SV=1