The adenylation domain of nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS). The adenylation (A) domain of NRPS recognizes a specific amino acid or hydroxy acid and activates it as an (amino) acyl adenylate by hydrolysis of ATP. The activated acyl moiety then forms a thioester bond to the enzyme-bound cofactor phosphopantetheine of a peptidyl carrier protein domain. NRPSs are large multifunctional enzymes which synthesize many therapeutically useful peptides in bacteria and fungi via a template-directed, nucleic acid independent nonribosomal mechanism. These natural products include antibiotics, immunosuppressants, plant and animal toxins, and enzyme inhibitors. NRPS has a distinct modular structure in which each module is responsible for the recognition, activation, and in some cases, modification of a single amino acid residue of the final peptide product. The modules can be subdivided into domains that catalyze specific biochemical reactions.

enterobactin non-ribosomal peptide synthetase EntF.

peptide synthase; Provisional

Peptide Synthetase. The adenylation (A) domain of NRPS recognizes a specific amino acid or hydroxy acid and activates it as an (amino) acyl adenylate by hydrolysis of ATP. The activated acyl moiety then forms a thioester bond to the enzyme-bound cofactor phosphopantetheine of a peptidyl carrier protein domain. NRPSs are large multifunctional enzymes which synthesize many therapeutically useful peptides in bacteria and fungi via a template-directed, nucleic acid independent nonribosomal mechanism. These natural products include antibiotics, immunosuppressants, plant and animal toxins, and enzyme inhibitors. NRPS has a distinct modular structure in which each module is responsible for the recognition, activation, and in some cases, modification of a single amino acid residue of the final peptide product. The modules can be subdivided into domains that catalyze specific biochemical reactions.

peptide synthase; Provisional

Crystalstructure of dimodular LgrA in a condensation state [Brevibacillus parabrevis],6MFZ_B Crystal structure of dimodular LgrA in a condensation state [Brevibacillus parabrevis]

Crystalstructure of a 5-domain construct of LgrA in the substrate donation state [Brevibacillus parabrevis],6MG0_A Crystal structure of a 5-domain construct of LgrA in the thiolation state [Brevibacillus parabrevis],6MG0_B Crystal structure of a 5-domain construct of LgrA in the thiolation state [Brevibacillus parabrevis]

Thestructure of condensation and adenylation domains of teixobactin-producing nonribosomal peptide synthetase Txo2 serine module [Eleftheria terrae],6P1J_B The structure of condensation and adenylation domains of teixobactin-producing nonribosomal peptide synthetase Txo2 serine module [Eleftheria terrae]

EntF,a Terminal Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetase Module Bound to the MbtH-Like Protein YbdZ [Escherichia coli K-12],5JA2_A EntF, a Terminal Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetase Module Bound to the non-Native MbtH-Like Protein PA2412 [Escherichia coli K-12],5T3D_A Crystal structure of holo-EntF a nonribosomal peptide synthetase in the thioester-forming conformation [Escherichia coli K-12]

Thestructure of condensation and adenylation domains of teixobactin-producing nonribosomal peptide synthetase Txo1 serine module [Eleftheria terrae],6OZV_A The structure of condensation and adenylation domains of teixobactin-producing nonribosomal peptide synthetase Txo1 serine module in complex with AMP [Eleftheria terrae],6P4U_A The structure of condensation and adenylation domains of teixobactin-producing nonribosomal peptide synthetase Txo1 serine module in complex with Mg and AMP [Eleftheria terrae]

Plipastatin synthase subunit A OS=Bacillus subtilis (strain 168) OX=224308 GN=ppsA PE=1 SV=2

Linear gramicidin synthase subunit A OS=Brevibacillus parabrevis OX=54914 GN=lgrA PE=1 SV=1

Plipastatin synthase subunit D OS=Bacillus subtilis (strain 168) OX=224308 GN=ppsD PE=1 SV=2

Mycosubtilin synthase subunit C OS=Bacillus subtilis OX=1423 GN=mycC PE=3 SV=1

Linear gramicidin synthase subunit D OS=Brevibacillus parabrevis OX=54914 GN=lgrD PE=1 SV=1